Lower Mustang began to welcome tourists officially in the 1970s, while Upper Mustang Trek, aka “The Forbidden Kingdom of Lo”, was designated as a restricted region and remained closed to outside visitors until 1992. Early on, the area’s tourism was tightly controlled and restricted.
Locals were prohibited from constructing lodges; instead, camping treks were led by travel agencies, who carried all of their equipment with them. The residents who had access to plain camping spots or horses for lease for day trips from Lo Manthang were the only ones who could profit financially.
The state of affairs in Upper Mustang appears to have changed significantly in the ten or so years since it first opened to the public. With so many locally operated and owned lodges across the area, trekking in this region has grown to be one of the most popular destinations for international and local tourists alike.
The finding of ancient cave residences in Upper Mustang suggests that the area had people living between 2,000 and 3,000 years ago. However, the Lopas (or Lobas), who are linked to the population of Tibet both racially and historically, have been the occupants for the past 600 years.
While there are other Tibetan Buddhist sects such as Kagyo, Bon, and Nyingma, the Sakya sect is the most prevalent. The beautiful setting of this region is colored in tones of white, and grey, which are also hues seen on mani walls, Chortens, and monasteries all across the region.
Treks to Upper Mustang often begin and conclude in Jomsom, with a detour to the ancient city of Lo Manthang. The standard, eastern, and western Routes are the three primary hiking itineraries in Upper Mustang. Though plenty of guides and local trekking firms avoid mentioning the Eastern Route as a possibility, you’d be excused for assuming there were just two.
With occasional off-road trails, the Classic Route mainly traces the path of the roadway. Through Dhakmar and Ghar Ghompa, the Western Route smoothly offers an alternate off-road route between Ghami and Lo Manthang that takes one to two days.
Together with our trekking experts and guides, we have created a trek package that will take you to this ancient land, offering a hassle-free and adventurous experience in the remote Himalayan countryside of Nepal. Here we will discuss all the things related to the trek, so stick around till the end to know it all.
Your first day of the trek involves you arriving at the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu. After your arrival, you will be guided to the immigration booth within the airport where you will have to work out your visa-on-arrival procedures. You will have to fill out a visa application form and pay the necessary visa fee as per your duration of stay.
Following that, you must submit your filled visa application, bank receipt of the visa fee, two passport-size photos, proof of accommodation, a passport valid for a minimum of 6 months, and return flight tickets. These are the basic requirements as of now and are subject to change without any notice by the government of Nepal.
After you have your tourist visa sorted out, you will walk out of the terminal where you will find one of our representatives waiting for you. You will be welcomed, greeted, and taken to your designated three-star accommodation where you will be staying for a total of 4 nights.
While you are staying in cities (Pokhara and Kathmandu), we will only provide you with a morning breakfast. You are expected to pay for your lunch and dinner out of your own pocket. However, during your trekking days, we will provide you with all three meals.
The first place you will visit today is the Kathmandu Durbar Square, which is located in the center of the Kathmandu Valley. This area has a long history dating back to the sixteenth century and is dedicated to the Nepali tradition. Also known as the Hanuman Dhoka (palace), this was once the seat of the Malla rulers, who ruled over the valley of Kathmandu.
You won’t want to skip any of the numerous stunning monuments when you get here. After that, you will get the chance to go to the Kumari temple, which is home to the nation’s only living god. The Kumaris chosen for this purpose are very young children who are viewed as bearers of divine power.
Following a bustling and entertaining tour, we will take a quick drive westward to get to Swoyambhunath Stupa, our next stop. Standing on a hill, it offers panoramic scenes of the surrounding hills and the valley. When the weather is clear, you can see high, white peaks to the north of the hill.
Swayambhunath, among the oldest cultural landmarks in Nepal and a UNESCO World Heritage site, is over 2,500 years old. The stupa is made up of ancient Buddhist temples that have a massive stupa in the form of a dome on top. You are going to experience a spiritual sense of fulfillment here, with the four magical eyes of Lord Buddha gazing in all four directions.
From there, we will be going to our next location, which is not too far away. Hindu pilgrims consider the Pashupatinath Temple region to be among the holiest sites on earth. It is forbidden for non-Hindu tourists to enter the main temple. Nonetheless, it is possible to go to the neighboring shrines and observe the temple from a distance.
The primary temple features four silver entrances and a roof tier similar to a pagoda. During Shivaratri, which honors Lord Shiva’s birthday in mid-February, this location is crowded with both domestic and foreign pilgrims. Hindus perform funerals and cremations on the other end of the Pashupatinath temple and along the Bagmati riverbank.
Our drive to Pokhara will be on a private vehicle instead of opting for commercial rides like most other travel agencies do. One of the best things about private rides is the control over where you want to stop for a break. Since Kathmandu to Pokhara is a 7-hour long drive, we will have to take several breaks along the way to refresh ourselves and for lunch as well.
We will start moving to Pokhara after a filling breakfast in the three-star hotel. Our driver will pick you up from your hotel and take you to the city of Lakes which is also the most beautiful city in Nepal.
If you want to avoid 7 hours of road transport, you can opt for a flight instead which lasts for only 25 minutes. Kathmandu to Pokhara is only around 140 km apart (aerial distance) but since the roads are windy, the total distance we have to travel is a little over 200 km. You are welcome to take a flight to Pokhara but your flight fare will not be covered by our trek package while the land transport is covered.
There are few flights in Nepal as captivating as the one to Jomsom. Your eyes will be treated to an unbelievable view of lovely mountains and terrain throughout this 35-minute trip, particularly when you are halfway between the summits of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna. Those are dramatic opinions. After landing in Jomsom, we will have a filling meal and drink plenty of water before setting off to Kagbeni.
The trekking trails leading to Manang and Upper Mustang begin at Jomsom. This hiking route’s memorable environment and culture offer an interesting peek into the daily lives of many ethnic populations in Nepal.
At 2800 meters above sea level, Jomson spreads over the Kali Gandaki River Gorge’s bank. The vast majority of people living in the region are Thakali. who are known for their food and Tibetan-based culture.
There is a museum and a Buddhist monastery in Jomsom which you can visit. Taking a stroll through Jomsom and visiting a few of the Himalayan bazaars is a great idea. A grocery store, a cafe, and other facilities are available in this highland town far from major cities.
We will pass by a few tiny monasteries and vibrant Chortens colored red, white, and grey, as you head out of Jomsom. We will follow these Chortens to the little town of Lubra, an amazing Bon community which is picturesque as well. After passing through the charming village of Eklobhatti, we will join the path that leads to Kagbeni.
Most of the first day of the walk from Kagbeni is spent on the road, but the beautiful scenes of the Kali Gandaki Gorge make up for it. Additionally, a couple of trail segments do cross, both up and down, giving the trip a little spice. The route rises steadily and passes above the picturesque town of Tangbe before arriving at Chhusang.
A lot of travelers stay at Chhusang (2980 m), which is ideal for lunch and has a large number of guesthouses. A few kilometers farther on lies Chele (3050 m), a picture-perfect town located on a hill with a dominating scene. It’s a great place to spend the night and feels pleasantly secluded.
We will be greeted with the Kali Gandaki Gorge as we ascend from Kagbeni. The river splits and reforms into numerous channels, making its way through intricate patterns. The stone cliffs, which rise on either side, are colored in shades of ochre yellow, brown, and red. We will be able to enjoy the scenery at all times due to the open, open sights, almost nonexistent fellow hikers, and almost no traffic.
We will go on a short 3 km trek to Chele on a gravel road after lunch in Chhusang. We will follow a steep trail of rough rock and sand that leads up to the settlement after crossing the tight river beneath cliffs filled with little caves that have been dug by people. By then the wind should be picking up speed, and our guide will show you to your reserved lodging, which offers superb meals, reasonable rates, and outstanding views from the rooftop.
From Chele, the route climbs sharply until it crosses a wide canyon on the suspension bridge that leads to Ghyakar. The shorter track to Samar has since been obliterated by road development.
Following the little but charming settlement of Ghyakar, the route ascends progressively along a dirt trail across a spacious landscape. It’s a brief switchback drop and ascent back into the road right above Samar, which makes for a great lunch stop.
Following lunch, there are two options. After leaving the settlement, the track splits in two. Regaining elevation is one route to reach the road, which can be followed to Syangboche.
An alternative route is to stick to a basic trekking trail, which involves ascending a steep way to get over a ridge, then dropping into a valley to reach Chungsi Cave, and finally continuing ascent to Syangboche.
A challenging but fascinating section of the trail awaits us as we descend abruptly to cross a valley and small creek and then ascend via a narrow stony passage. More moderate but gradual climbing over open terrain will follow before we rejoin the road, and descend to Samar for lunch.
We will climb a rough trail, drop to a second stream, cross a tiny river, and then climb for quite a while on a wide track before rejoining the road at Bhena Pass.
From there on, the route will essentially consist of asphalt roads, with the exception of a few places where the route crosses. The road walking could disappoint you, but the sights will only grow better.
The trail lowers through the Tama Khola following the ascend from the hill of Syangboche and then rising to the little settlement of Tamagaon. From this point on, the broad valley spreads out, with Nyi La to the north and Ghiling to the east. Before Jhaite, a trekking track winds down the slope and meets the road.
The road alternates between Jhaite and a different trekking track that goes to the pass. The route continues along the road after passing Nyi La for a bit until a trekking trail splits off and heads up over Ghami La and down towards Ghami.
After ascending the hill from Syangboche, we will reach the top of the slope and come across a brightly colored, well-maintained chorten with an intriguing and unique design. Following a combination of roadway and trekking trail for a short while, we will trek down a gravel route to the Tama Khola bridge and then ascend the cliffside route on the opposite side.
For a while, we will trek an open terrain, all while following a gently sloping rocky trail. To the west, majestic mountains stand tall, and to the east, Ghiling is visible, sitting at the distant tip of the valley.
As we proceed north, we will soon come to a wider roadway than any that has come previously. As we navigate through the Jhaite village, we will be driven forward by the tranquil vibe of the remote authentic village. We’ll take a moment to appreciate the beautiful large chorten on the edge of the village. We will soon arrive at the foot of the major ascent leading to Nyi La.
From this point on, we choose the newest and broadest of the three dirt roads—the other two appearing to be unnecessary. The exposed curbs and unpaved roads will make the already arid and dusty climate even more so. Even if we can see intriguing stone structures from afar, we will once more be unable to fully appreciate them.
Traveling from Ghami to Charang (also Tsarang) often takes a full day on very few Upper Mustang trek itineraries. With the exception of a short stretch on the ascent towards Chinggel La, the shortest path from Ghami to Tsarang is entirely on a well-paved road. The hike to Tsarang is easy yet exhausting due to the long, moderate descent on a dirt trail after the Chinggel La pass.
After the morning meal, we will head out and trek through Ghami, down to the stream, and then up the opposite side to Mustang’s largest mani wall. It stretches out quite some distance at 350 meters in length. After turning east to connect with the path to Tsarang, we will catch glimpses of the red slopes of Dhakmar farther up the valley.
We will not be wasting any time as we make the climb up the dirt track while the road curves to our right and left time and again. When you get closer to the summit, the view will be dazzling, with multiple layers of mountains and hills overlapping to create visually appealing combinations of shades.
Looking east from the pass, the distant landscape seems to be a rough yet beautiful paradise, with rocky cliffs, deep gorges, and steep slopes. However, that will be much beyond where we are going, so with our focus on the path, we will go down the hill to Tsarang.
It takes around a half day to trek from Charang to Lo Manthang. The path follows the slowly sloping road for the majority of its length after dropping until it crosses the river on the path. Though primarily it’s just a simple day trek to get through, there are certain points worth visiting along the way, such as a gigantic chorten and a few caves, and the far-off countryside is as beautiful as ever.
As we ascend towards the summit and have our first glimpse of Lo Manthang, the road gets narrower. After stopping at the summit to take in the view of the valley and the town below, we’ll head off-road and descend down the track through a small passage. Before long, we will be ascending once more and passing beneath the tall, newly constructed gate that indicates the boundaries of Lo Manthang.
Jampa Gompa, Thupchen Gompa, and Chode Gompa are the three monasteries that are typically visited on exploration day at Lo Manthang. Each of the three monasteries has distinct characteristics and is very different from the others. A ticket purchased at Dragkar Thegchen-Ling Gompa’s main building grants access to all three, with a monk providing tour guidance.
The earnings from the ticket, which costs 1000 NPR, or roughly $8 USD, go solely towards maintaining and restoring all three monasteries. The hours that you are welcome to visit are 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. and 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. It is not permitted to snap pictures inside the monastery structures, but it is acceptable to do so on the surrounding grounds.
Beyond the monasteries, Lo Manthang’s narrow streets offer a plethora of exploration opportunities. The abandoned King’s and Queen’s Castles on the ridges above, as well as the Namgyal monastery and the surrounding towns, offer alternatives for anyone wanting to get some fresh air and spend a few hours beyond the village walls.
Regardless of the route taken to get back from Lo Manthang, everyone departs in the same manner, going over the Dokpolo Khola by dropping from the recently installed gate and looking south. The western route then ascends to Chogo La and descends to Ghar Gompa and Dhakmar.
We will soon see the eastern path as we take a final look at Lo Manthang. Following the path, we won’t set foot on a paved road this day. The dusty path rises steadily through hills of mild green, with small, dome-shaped plants and harsh grass covering the ground beneath it. The sights to the east, which include towering peaks, crests, and ledges, emerge as we start following the ridgeline path.
They have the well-known appearance of being hardened after melting. Every single layer is a distinct color, however all of them are light yellow, orange, and grey tones rather than flashy colors.
Today’s hiking route flows upwards and downwards. We can take in the beautiful vistas of the snow-covered peaks and the rugged Himalayan desert as we tour the area around Dhakmar and Ghiling. We would be better off starting our walk in the early hours because
the afternoon will be gusty and dusty.
The majority of our trekking route goes downhill beside a river, passing by the fields of the settlement, and then rises to a ridge once more. Following that, we descend once more to arrive at the lovely settlement of Ghami. Mostly dry, Ghiling provides beautiful views of the Dhaulagiri and Nilgiri Mountains.
The trekking adventure is currently in its second part. We plan to spend the night at Ghiling village today, following a tedious five to six-hour trip. It is recommended that Ghiling be explored in the evening because the breezy afternoon can be challenging for hikers to gaze around. Trekkers will come across villages, beautiful Chortens, monasteries, and the amazing beauty on the Ghiling trail today.
We have our morning meal and then start on our trip to Chhusang. On the way to the charming village of Samar, our trail winds through a forest with small trees and bushes. We continue our walk after lunch at Samar, soaking in the amazing view of tall peaks and little valleys along the way. We next travel over the crossings of Taklam La and Dajori La until we arrive at the beautiful Chele village.
Next, we make our way downhill to the lovely village of Chhusang. Another charming historic village, Chhusang boasts an apple orchard, gorgeous vistas of the Kali Gandaki River, and Nilgiri Mountain.
This will be the final part of the Upper Mustang trek where there will be a lot of trekking. Our trekking route neatly passes the settlement of Jharkot. After that, we reach the point where we must leave the Upper Mustang’s restricted area and join the established Annapurna Circuit trekking trail. Once at the well-known Kagbeni settlement, we take in the breathtaking vista of the Kali Gandaki valley.
The entrance to the Kingdom of Mustang, Kagbeni is an ancient town that has managed to hold onto its ancient beauty. Following our lunch at Kagbeni, we resume the hike in the direction of Jomsom. At this point, the Annapurna Circuit trail joins the Upper Mustang Trail, which comes to an end.
After the last day of trekking, we will take a flight back to Pokhara. You will get to see the beautiful Mustang region for one more time during this scenic flight. We will have to take the flight in the morning as the afternoon in this region can be full of gusts and strong winds.
After reaching Pokhara, you have a full day to explore the beautiful and interesting destinations that the city offers. Among the places you can travel to, we recommend you visit the World Peace Stupa, a pagoda sitting atop a hill overseeing the whole Pokhara valley. Next, you can visit the Pumdikot Shiva statue which is not that far from the stupa.
In addition to that, you can also spend your time engaging in adventure sports such as bungee jumping, paragliding, canoeing, etc. These activities will absolutely make your day coupled with the serene vibes of the city.
If you are too tired for these activities, you can just relax by the Phewa Lake, eating your favorite comfort meal while the frequent waves of air hit your face. Phewa Lake also offers a boating trip which allows you to roam around the lake and also take a dive if you are up for it.
In the night, the lakeside comes to life as tourists and local people gather there for a vibrant nightlife. If you prefer, we recommend you live a nightlife in Pokhara as it will be a memorable event for you.
Leaving the beautiful city of lakes, we will travel back to Kathmandu on this day. A private vehicle will pick you up from your accommodation after you have had your breakfast. On the way to Kathmandu, you will travel along the Trishuli River, taking in the views of the green hills and calm Trishuli River to your left. We will have our lunch around 12 PM, taking a short break from the tiring travel.
As previously stated, you are free to opt for a flight instead but it will be your personal expense which our trekking package will not cover.
After an exciting day in Pokhara and a long road trip to Kathmandu, you might be tired. So to make sure you are fully rejuvenated for your flight back home, this will be a rest day. You are expected to rest for the majority of the day with small trips to the local areas or you can just visit one of the sites you like.
Since we have already done a sightseeing tour of the valley, you can choose to visit the places that you have not yet visited or revisit one of the sites that captured your attention on the sightseeing tour. Either way, it’s important that you enjoy your time in Kathmandu and make sure that you are well-rested for tomorrow.
We hope that you have had an unforgettable experience trekking with us to the remote Mustang region of Nepal. We are open to criticism and feedback if you have any. Your feedback is valuable to us as it provides us with insights on what areas we need to improve.
After we bid you farewell, our driver will take you to the international airport where you will take your flight back home.
The Upper Mustang trek is classified as a moderately difficult trek. Travelers who wish to go on this trek should have some prior trekking experience and the physical capability to trek this remote and long route. We rate this trek a 6 on a scale of 10.
If you are looking to travel this trek but lack the required skills, we can work out a simpler itinerary or a road trip to this region.
The standard trekking seasons in Nepal are autumn and spring. Most travelers prefer the autumn season as it offers the best traveling conditions. Second to that is the spring season which offers the same conditions in addition to blooming flowers but the chances of rain are higher compared to autumn.
You can also trek this trail in summer and winter but both of those seasons have more cons than spring and autumn. In summer you will surely feel the heat while traveling during the day and in winter upper Mustang receives heavy snowfall which will add to the difficulty of the trek.
You don’t really have to worry about altitude sickness on this trek as the maximum altitude we will reach is 3850 meters above sea level. Since altitude sickness starts getting dangerous at 4500 meters, we are safe from the grave effects of acute mountain sickness. Even if you were to get altitude sick, it would be trivial and you can just descend to a lower elevation to reverse its effects.
The porters will carry all the necessary medicines for altitude sickness, first aid kits, and some other pills in case you get sick or have a little accident during the trip.
Your accommodation for this entire trip is fully covered by the trekking package. You will be staying in three-star hotels in Pokhara and Kathmandu while lodges and tea houses are the best options in the Upper Mustang region. These tea houses are owned by the locals whose main source of income is tourism. So, by staying at their tea houses we are directly supporting the locals financially.
These remote accommodations do not have modern facilities and you will have to share a room with one of the travelers in your group. Single bedrooms in these regions are unheard of and less likely to be provided. If you do not wish to share a room with anyone, you can inform us beforehand and we will make the necessary preparations.
During your stay in cities, you will only be provided with a morning breakfast as you will often be traveling during the day. You are free to choose from the menu provided by the hotel. During your trekking days, we will be responsible for providing you with breakfast, lunch, and dinner every day. Again, you can choose any dish you want from the menu provided by the eateries and tea houses.
One thing to note, you should avoid eating meat in remote regions as they are not well stored. The meat in the eateries we visit might be transported on the back of a mule without any refrigeration. There is a high chance that you will get food poisoning if you consume them.
Instead of meaty delights, we recommend you go on a vegetarian diet. The national dish of Dal Bhat is a tasty delight, full of nutrition and energy that you will need for the long trek. If you are craving meat, you can ask the guide to source locally prepared meat that is safe to consume.
There are many types of drinks that you can taste during this trek. In Kathmandu, you can taste the traditional drinks prepared by the Newars. In Pokhara, you can enjoy mocktails and cocktails by the lake. In the Mustang region, you can drink a variety of dairy drinks and traditionally prepared alcohol. But you should keep the alcohol consumption to a minimum.
Your extra expenses include tips for the crew members, travel insurance, visa fees, medical insurance, extra accommodation (in case we get stuck at some place), laundry, soft or hard beverages, gadget charging, bottled/boiled water, extra porters, hot shower, a pot of tea, and emergency rescue expenses.
To trek the restricted region of Upper Mustang, every traveler must have the Restricted Area Permit, a TIMS card, and an Annapurna Conservation Area permit. All of these three permits are mandatory and governed by the laws of Nepal. You will be checked for these permits at several checkpoints during this trek.
These permits help grow the villages in the region and develop the trail to make for a safer and more enjoyable trekking experience.
No, the Upper Mustang trek is a moderate trek that is not in any way suitable for beginners. You need to have at least some prior trekking experience and a good physique to be able to trek this route.
Although there is no age restriction for this trek, you should not bring your kids along as it can be difficult for them.
You will trek for 11 days consecutively. On average, you will trek for 4 to 5 hours with occasional ups and downs.
Your luggage should not weigh more than 10 kg, anything over that limit will be charged extra.
Yes, you can have extra porters but it will cost you extra. Typically, every two members of the trekking group have to share a single strong porter.